On October 20, 2024, the WHO certified Egypt as malaria-free, marking a significant public health milestone. This achievement follows nearly a century-long battle against malaria in a nation of 100 million people. Egypt is the third country in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region to receive this certification. Its success serves as an inspiration to other countries in combating endemic diseases, showcasing the effective public health strategies implemented by the Egyptian government.
On October 20, 2024, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the certification of Egypt as a malaria-free nation, a remarkable public health achievement for a country with a population exceeding 100 million. This significant milestone concludes nearly a century of dedicated efforts by the Egyptian government and its citizens to eradicate malaria, a disease that has plagued the region since ancient times. Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General, stated that this certification reflects the unwavering commitment of Egypt to eliminate malaria, serving as a source of inspiration for neighboring nations.
Egypt’s certification makes it the third country to be recognized as malaria-free in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region, following the United Arab Emirates and Morocco, and the first since 2010. Currently, a total of 44 countries and one territory worldwide have achieved this status. Dr. Khaled Abdel Ghaffar, Deputy Prime Minister of Egypt, emphasized that this certification marks the beginning of a new phase, necessitating continued vigilance and high standards in surveillance, diagnosis, treatment, and response to potential malaria cases.
The WHO grants malaria elimination certification when a nation demonstrates, beyond any reasonable doubt, that indigenous malaria transmission has been interrupted nationwide for at least three consecutive years while also showcasing its capacity to prevent any re-establishment of the disease. Egypt’s history with malaria dates back to 4000 B.C., with genetic traces of the disease discovered in mummies, indicating a long-standing battle against this illness.
Efforts to combat malaria in Egypt began in the 1920s, with early initiatives focusing on reducing human-mosquito contact and declaring malaria a notifiable disease in 1930. The impact of World War II and the introduction of new mosquito vectors complicated the situation, yet the establishment of treatment divisions and an efficient public health response helped control outbreaks. Additionally, the construction of the Aswan Dam in 1969 posed new challenges, but prompt and rigorous responses ensured that malaria remained under control.
By 2001, the situation improved significantly, and the Ministry of Health and Population committed to enduring eradication measures, culminating in rapid responses to localized outbreaks. A focal aspect of Egypt’s success has been its comprehensive approach to healthcare accessibility, providing free malaria diagnosis and treatment to all citizens and effectively collaborating with neighboring countries.
Dr. Hanan Balkhy, WHO Regional Director for the Eastern Mediterranean, highlighted the importance of collaboration among nations in combating endemic diseases. She remarked on the significance of Egypt’s achievement as not only a public health victory but also as a demonstration of what is achievable through collective efforts.
Under the guidance of their leadership, Egypt remains resolute in safeguarding public health and reinforcing its healthcare systems to continue its malaria-free status.
The significance of WHO’s certification of Egypt as malaria-free cannot be understated, as it represents the culmination of a profound and ongoing public health initiative that spans nearly a century. With a disease history interwoven with ancient Egyptian civilization, the infection has presented enduring challenges. The proactive measures initiated by the Egyptian government since the early 20th century highlight the importance of systematic public health strategies and collaborative efforts in the successful elimination of malaria. A clear understanding of the conditions that led to this certification sheds light on essential public health principles applicable to other endemic regions. This achievement is based on comprehensive disease control measures, strategic surveillance, and community engagement, underscoring a robust health system that can respond effectively to public health threats.
In summary, Egypt’s certification as malaria-free by the WHO marks a historic public health milestone that reflects decades of coordinated efforts from the government and its populace. The successful elimination of malaria showcases Egypt’s commitment to public health excellence through effective surveillance and healthcare access in the face of a long-standing disease. This achievement serves as a model for other countries striving for similar outcomes and highlights the critical nature of sustained efforts in public health initiatives.
Original Source: www.emro.who.int
