A study reveals that natural world heritage sites (NWHSs) will increasingly face extreme climate events by 2100, notably under high-emission scenarios. Of 250 sites examined, 248 are projected to be vulnerable. Specific regions, particularly in Africa and tropical areas, require urgent conservation attention. Historical trends indicate that these sites are already experiencing extreme heat events, exacerbating existing threats from human activities.
A recent study published in Communications Earth & Environment has revealed that natural world heritage sites (NWHSs) face an escalating risk of extreme climate events as the century progresses. Researchers from Peking University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences analyzed the vulnerability of 250 heritage sites under varying emission scenarios, concluding that nearly all sites would be impacted by 2100 in a high-emission scenario. Particularly, forest sites may experience compounded extreme weather phenomena due to climatic changes.
The study highlights that in tropical areas, where high temperatures threaten biodiversity, 14 NWHSs require urgent attention. Notably, the sites include six in Africa, four in Australia, two in Brazil, and others in the United States and Réunion Island. The African sites, such as Lake Turkana National Parks and Okavango Delta, are projected to endure the brunt of temperature increases.
Natural World Heritage Sites are recognized for their exceptional value to humanity, yet they are increasingly facing extreme weather events, notably extreme heat, heavy rainfall, and droughts. The study links this exposure to greenhouse gas emissions and human activities, emphasizing that adhering to the Paris Agreement’s temperature targets could significantly decrease the risks these sites face.
Historically, approximately 44.8% of NWHSs have endured extreme heat events. Projections indicate that under high-emission scenarios, this number will rise dramatically by 2100, potentially affecting 99.2% of NWHSs. Thus, global climate change not only threatens the preservation of these irreplaceable sites but exacerbates existing challenges posed by human interference, such as mining and tourism.
The report underscores the imperative for rapid initiatives toward carbon neutrality, which could also advance the protection of NWHSs in alignment with Sustainable Development Goal Target 11.4, aimed at safeguarding global heritage. As of now, 16 sites are designated as being on the List of World Heritage in Danger, primarily due to climate change. The case of Lake Turkana exemplifies this challenge, with predictions of increased flooding due to climate-induced changes in rainfall patterns, creating a pressing need for adaptive measures in Kenya and Ethiopia.
The vulnerability of natural world heritage sites (NWHSs) to climate change has become a growing concern as these sites house some of the world’s most significant natural heritages. The research highlights the projected increase in extreme weather events that will threaten these invaluable areas the planet preserves. Understanding the implications of such environmental changes is critical in addressing the risks facing NWHSs and formulating proactive strategies to protect them.
In conclusion, the threats posed by climate change to natural world heritage sites are substantial and increasing, demanding immediate action from global leaders and local authorities. The evidence presented indicates that adherence to international climate agreements can significantly mitigate these risks. Furthermore, integrating conservation efforts with sustainable development objectives is essential to safeguard our planet’s natural heritage for future generations.
Original Source: www.downtoearth.org.in
